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Prerequisites

Familiarity with Data Processing Concepts and Techniques Ability to use a graphical user interface (GUI)

Audience

• Application Developers
• Business Intelligence Developer
• Database Administrators
• End Users
• Forms Developer
• PL/SQL Developer
• Portal Developer

Objectives

• Retrieve row and column data from tables with the SELECT statement.
• Employ SQL functions to generate and retrieve customized data.
• Run data manipulation statements (DML) to update data in the Oracle Database 10g.
• Control user access and manage schema objects
• Search data using advanced sub queries

Outline

Introduction

• List the Oracle Database 10g Main Features
• An Overview of: components, internet platform, apps server and developer suite
• Describe Relational and Object Relational Database Designs
• Review the System Development Life Cycle
• Define the term Data Models
• Describe different means of Sorting Data
• Show how Multiple Tables can be related
• Describe how SQL Communicates to the Database

Writing SQL SELECT Statements

• Define projection, selection, and join terminology
• Review the basic SQL SELECT statement syntax
• Select all columns using a wildcard notation from a table
• State simple rules and guidelines for writing SQL statements
• Write a query containing the arithmetic operators
• Create a character expression with the concatenation operator
• Using the iSQL*Plus Environment
• SQL statements versus iSQL*Plus commands

Restricting and Sorting Data

• Limit rows using a selection
• Using the WHERE clause to retrieve specific rows
• Using the comparison conditions in the WHERE clause
• Use the LIKE condition to compare literal values
• List the logical conditions AND, OR, NOT
• Describe the rules of precedence for the conditions
• Sort rows with the ORDER BY clause
• Use ampersand substitution in iSQL*Plus to restrict and sort output at run time

Using Single-Row Functions to Customize Output

• Show the differences between single row and multiple row SQL functions
• Categorize the character functions into case manipulation and character manipulation types
• Use the character manipulation functions in the SELECT and WHERE clauses
• Explain and use the DATE and numeric functions
• Use the SYSDATE function to retrieve the current date in the default format
• Introduce the DUAL table as a means to view function results
• List the rules for applying the arithmetic operators on dates
• Use the arithmetic operators with dates in the SELECT clause

Reporting Aggregated Data Using the Group Functions

• Describe and categorize the group functions
• Use the group functions
• Utilize the DISTINCT keyword with the group functions
• Describe how nulls are handled with the group functions
• Create groups of data with the GROUP BY clause
• Group data by more than one column
• Avoid illegal queries with the group functions
• Exclude groups of data with the HAVING clause

Displaying Data from Multiple Tables

• Identify Types of Joins
• Retrieve Records with Natural Joins
• Use Table Aliases to write shorter code and explicitly identify columns from multiple tables
• Create a Join with the USING clause to identify specific columns between tables
• Use the ON clause to specify arbitrary conditions or specify columns to Join
• Create a Three-way join with the ON clause to retrieve information from 3 tables
• List the Types of Outer Joins LEFT, RIGHT, and FULL
• Generating a Cartesian Product

Using Sub queries to Solve Queries

• List the syntax for sub queries in a SELECT statements WHERE clause
• List the guidelines for using sub queries
• Describe the types of sub queries
• Execute single row sub queries and use the group functions in a sub query
• Identify illegal statements with sub queries
• Execute multiple row sub queries
• Analyze how the ANY and ALL operators work in multiple row sub queries

Using the SET Operators

• Use the UNION operator to return all rows from multiple tables and eliminate any duplicate rows
• Use the UNION ALL operator to return all rows from multiple tables
• Describe the INTERSECT operator
• Use the INTERSECT operator
• Explain the MINUS operator
• Use the MINUS operator
• List the SET operator guidelines
• Order results when using the UNION operator

Manipulating Data

• Write INSERT statements to add rows to a table
• Copy rows from another table
• Create UPDATE statements to change data in a table
• Generate DELETE statements to remove rows from a table
• Use a script to manipulate data
• Save and discard changes to a table through transaction processing
• Show how read consistency works
• Describe the TRUNCATE statement

Using DDL Statements to Create and Manage Tables

• List the main database objects and describe the naming rules for database objects
• Introduce the schema concept
• Display the basic syntax for creating a table and show the DEFAULT option
• Explain the different types of constraints
• Show resulting exceptions when constraints are violated with DML statements
• Create a table with a sub query
• Describe the ALTER TABLE functionality
• Remove a table with the DROP statement and Rename a table

Creating Other Schema Objects

• Categorize simple and complex views and compare them
• Create a view
• Retrieve data from a view
• Explain a read-only view
• List the rules for performing DML on complex views
• Create a sequence
• List the basic rules for when to create and not create an index
• Create a synonym

Managing Objects with Data Dictionary Views

• Describe the structure of each of the dictionary views
• List the purpose of each of the dictionary views
• Write queries that retrieve information from the dictionary views on the schema objects
• Use the COMMENT command to document objects

Controlling User Access

• Controlling User Access
• System versus Objects Privileges
• Using Roles to define user groups
• Changing Your Password
• Granting Object Privileges
• Confirming Privileges Granted
• Revoking Object Privileges
• Using Database Links

Manage Schema Objects

• Using the ALTER TABLE statement
• Adding a Column
• Modifying a Column
• Dropping a Column, Set Column UNUSED
• Adding, Enabling and Disabling Constraints
• Creating Function-Based Indexes
• Performing FLASHBACK operations
• External Tables

Manipulating Large Data Sets

• Using the MERGE Statement
• Performing DML with Sub queries
• Performing DML with a RETURNING Clause
• Overview of Multi-table INSERT Statements
• Tracking Changes in DML

Generating Reports by Grouping Related Data

• Overview of GROUP BY Clause
• Overview of Having Clause
• Aggregating data with ROLLUP and CUBE Operators
• Determine subtotal groups using GROUPING Functions
• Compute multiple groupings with GROUPING SETS
• Define levels of aggregation with Composite Columns
• Create combinations with Concatenated Groupings

Managing Data in Different Time Zones

• Time Zones
• Using date and time functions
• Identifying TIMESTAMP Data Types
• Differentiating between DATE and TIMESTAMP
• Performing Conversion Operations

Searching Data Using Advanced Sub queries

• Sub query Overview
• Using a Sub query
• Comparing several columns using Multiple-Column Sub queries
• Defining a Data source Using a Sub query in the FROM Clause
• Returning one Value using Scalar Sub query Expressions
• Performing ROW by-row processing with Correlated Sub queries
• Reusing query blocks using the WITH Clause

Hierarchical Retrieval

• Sample Data from the EMPLOYEES Table
• The Tree Structure of Employee data
• Hierarchical Queries
• Ranking Rows with LEVEL
• Formatting Hierarchical Reports Using LEVEL and LPAD
• Pruning Branches with the WHERE and CONNECT BY clauses

Regular Expression Support

• Regular Expression Support Overview
• Describing simple and complex patterns for searching and manipulating data